Nikos Chougkaz began his career in the youth teams of Peristeri, before moving to Panionios in 2018 and later heading to the USA. In the 2019/20 season, he played for Northwestern State in the NCAA, averaging 9.2 points, 7.2 rebounds, 1.2 assists, and 1.0 steals across 29 games.

In 2020, he returned to Europe and played for Ionikos Nikaias. In 2021, he signed with Panathinaikos but was initially loaned back to Ionikos, where he averaged 13.8 points and 6.3 rebounds over six games in the FIBA Europe Cup. In 2022, he made his EuroLeague debut with Panathinaikos. In February 2023, he was loaned to Peristeri, where he averaged 4.4 points and 2.7 rebounds in 18 Basketball Champions League games.

In June 2024, he left Athens and joined Andorra. During the 2024/25 season in the Spanish league, he averaged 9.5 points, 5.8 rebounds, and 1.0 assists over 30 games. In the Champions League qualifiers, he averaged 9.5 points and 9.5 rebounds per game. In the EuroLeague, he played five games for Panathinaikos, averaging 0.8 points and 1.0 rebound.

Chougkaz has been a member of Greece’s youth national teams (U18, U19, U20), appearing in the 2018 and 2020 European Championships and the 2019 World Championship. He occasionally plays for the senior national team, representing Greece in EuroBasket and World Cup qualifiers. He was also part of the 2024 Olympic team, though he did not play in Paris.